Mrzi me da prevodim pa evo u orginalu citata:
MANAGEMENT OF ACUTE PRETERM LABOR: TOCOLYTIC AGENTS The most common agents used in academic centers are magnesium sulphate and indomethacin. In the past, beta-mimetic agents, such as subcutaneous terbutaline or ritodrine, were used commonly. These agents are equally efficacious in delaying delivery for at least 48 hours. While clinicians have much more experience with magnesium sulphate, it is associated with more maternal toxicity than indomethacin. On the other hand, indomethacin may be associated with more fetal and neonatal toxicity. Calcium channel blockers, such as nifedipine, have also been used for treatment of preterm labor, but these are not considered the standard of care.
Results from retrospective studies in which neonates were exposed to magnesium and indomethacin, either sequentially or concurrently, have suggested a higher incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage and necrotizing enterocolitis. These studies likely selected a population to be at higher risk for the serious outcomes in the dually treated group as opposed to the population that was treated only with magnesium sulfate.
In addition, transient closure of the fetal ductus arteriosus and decreased urinary output in the mother and fetus appear to occur. When the duration of therapy is less than 72 hours, adverse sequelae from either finding do not appear to occur.
Indomethacin may be a better first-line tocolytic in early preterm labor (<32 wk) or preterm labor associated with polyhydramnios. A more significant inflammatory response in the membranes and decidua is observed at gestational ages less than 30 weeks compared to 30-36 weeks. Indomethacin reduces prostaglandin synthesis from decidual macrophages. The renal effects of indomethacin may be beneficial to reduce polyhydramnios.
Beta-mimetics (eg, ritodrine, terbutaline) have been used for many years with good success at delaying delivery for 48 hours. Unfortunately, the maternal cardiac and metabolic risks of beta-mimetic therapy are greater than those associated with either magnesium sulphate or indomethacin. Currently, beta-mimetics are considered a second-line tocolytic.
Edward R Newton, MD, Chairman, Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pitt County Memorial Hospital, East Carolina University Brody School of Medicine 2004
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